Other related References are included on the last pages and I attached some of them as well please find the others by yourself ..no outside references will be accepted in this projectPLEEEEEEEEEEEASE READ ALL REFERENCES AND WRITE THE RELEVANT AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION ONLY IN BRIEF AND COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING THAT THIS RESEARCH REQUIRE.IF YOU DO NOT HAVE EXPEIRENCE OR NOT QUALIFIED PLEASE INFORM THE SUPPORT TEAM TO BE CHANGED ASAP.Please support the lit review with essential images AND diagramsREGARDS,Spinal cord anatomy in human and mouse briefly please particularly LUMBAR REGION 1-external structure INBRIEF 2-internal structure INBRIEFWHITE MATTER GREY MATTER Tracts ascending and descending overviewSpinal cord diseases in generalThis is just a sample Spinal cord diseases comprise a heterogeneous category of conditions that result from damage or dysfunction of the spinal cord. The conditions can be infectious, inflammatory or vascular with their impact on the meninges and their surrounding spaces. Most of the diseases lead to paralysis since the spinal cord serves the primary function of ensuring muscle function in various effector organs by transmitting impulses from the brain. Some of the diseases include multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), lupus, spinal Bifida, Spinal stenosis, syringomyelia (SM) and transverse myelitis. Multiple sclerosis damages the insulating cover of the nerve cells, the myelin. As a result, the communication system in the nerves disrupts.Multiple Sclerosis (MS) overview and background IN GENERAL BRIEFLY and focus on lumber spine Why lumbar spine in particular because it is the place of neuropathic pain.Please see this article for complete information about EAE+LUMBAR SPINAL Article is Establishment and characterization of an optimized mouse model of multiple sclerosis-induced neuropathic pain using behavioral, pharmacologic, histologic and immunohistochemical methodsMultiple Sclerosis of spinal cord MS of the spinal cord is a demyelinating disease that affects the spinal cord. Most patients who have MS experience it in the spinal cord. Notably, the cervical spinal cord is more likely to be involved than the lower areas (Hendrix, et.al., 2015 p.93). MS of the spinal cord normally exhibits >= 1 foci of increased signal on T2- weighted images with or without a decrease in the signal in the spinal cord on T1-weighted images. In the earlier stages, the images show cord edema and swelling. Later on, the disease imaging reveals cord atrophy. Clinical presentation of MS stages read more and be concise provide good info please need deep and more reading to finish this section briefly so read the new references attached. Microstructural changes in MS need deep and more reading to finish this section brieflyMri Animal models See this article Current developments in MRI for assessing rodent models of multiple sclerosis EAE TAKE INTO YPUR ACCOUNT THAT WHY WE USE EAE MOUSE MODEL IN PARTICULAR FOR THIS STUDY ANSWER IN Article is Establishment and characterization of an optimized mouse model of multiple sclerosis-induced neuropathic pain using behavioral, pharmacologic, histologic and immunohistochemical methodsneed deep and more reading to finish this section briefly so read the new references attached.Clinical diagnosis and assessment of MS in clinical patients need deep and more reading to finish this section briefly so read the new references attached.Conventional Magnetic resonance imaging MRI OVERVIEW AND THE LIMITATION IN DIAGNOSING MSneed deep and more reading to finish this section briefly so read the new references attached. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging DW-MRI Introduction in DWMRI BASIC PRINCIPLneed deep and more reading to finish this section briefly so read the new DWI need deep and more reading to finish this section briefly so read the new references attached.Importance OF in DIAGNOSIN MS need deep and more reading to finish this section briefly Diffusion Tensor Imaging DTI Introduction AND N BASIC PRINCIPLneed deep and more reading to finish this section briefly so read the new references attached.Parameters metrics IN GENERAL DEFINITION AND BACKGROUND AND THEN HOW THESE METRICS CHANGES OF CASE IN MS DISESE Fractional anisotropy, (FA) Mean diffusivity (MD Axial density (AD) Radical diffusivity (RD) Limitation of DTI in MS particles, any physiologic movement of the same magnitude would interfere with the readings. Most recent NOVEL technique NODDIPLEASE READ ALL ARTICLES ABOUT NNODDI that I have provided to you and summarise each one IN THE FOLLOWING TABLE, THEN WRITE THE LITERATURE ABOUT IT.Overview of contemporary research conducted on human OR ANIMAL IF YOU READ THE REFERENCES YOU WILL KNOW FROM WHICH REFERENCE I DID THE FOLLOWING SUMMARY.Reference Sample size (n=) Variables measured Techniques used Major findings58 PD patients and 35 controls (Human) intracellular volume fraction (Vic), orientation dispersion index (OD), and isotropic volume fraction (Viso) of the basal ganglia Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis NODDI ?Vic in the contralateral SNpc and putamen Vic and OD in the SNpc and putamen showed significant negative correlations Vic (P?=?0.0000046) and mean diffusivity (P?=?0.019) in the contralateral SNpc were the independent predictors of PD CORRELATION AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NODDI AND DTIOther related References should be used ..no outside references will be accepted in this projectIn vivo mapping of human spinal cord microstructure at 300mT/m Author: Duval, TanguyDiffusion Imaging of the Human Spinal Cord and the Vertebral Column Author: Bammer, RolandDiffusion MRI (Second Edition) From Quantitative Measurement to In vivo Neuroanatomy Edited by: Heidi Johansen-Berg and Timothy E.J. BehrensMagnetic resonance imaging of myelin Cornelia Laule , Irene M. Vavasour, Shannon H. Kolind, David K. B. Li, Tony L. Traboulsee, G. R. Wayne Moore, Alex L. MacKayNeurite orientation dispersion and density imaging of the healthy cervical spinal cord in vivo Author: Grussu, FrancescoNODDI: Practical in vivo neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging of the human brain Author: Zhang, HuiDemyelination and degeneration in the injured human spinal cord detected with diffusion and magnetization transfer MRI Author: Cohen-Adad, J.Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Editors: Alastair WilkinsMinagar, A. 2014, Multiple sclerosis: an overview of clinical features, pathophysiology, neuroimaging, and treatment options, Morgan & Claypool, San Rafael, CaliforniaHigh b-value q-space diffusion-weighted MRI of the human cervical spinal cord in vivo: Feasibility and application to multiple sclerosis Jonathan A.D. Farrell1,2,3, Seth A. Smith1,2, Eliza M. Gordon-Lipkin4, Daniel S. Reich1,4, Peter A. Calabresi4 andPeter C.M. van ZijlMultiple sclerosis-induced neuropathic pain: pharmacological management and pathophysiological insights from rodent EAE models Nemat Khan, Maree T. SmithEstablishment and characterization of an optimized mouse model of multiple sclerosis-induced neuropathic pain using behavioral, pharmacologic, histologic and immunohistochemical methods Author: Khan, NematExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a model for multiple sclerosis (MS) Cris S Constantinescu, Nasr Farooqi, Kate OBrien, and Bruno GranHyperalgesia in an animal model of multiple sclerosis Author: Aicher, Sue AAlpha-lipoic acid is effective in prevention and treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Monica Morinia, Luca Roccatagliatab, Raffaella DellEvaa, Enrico Pedemonteb, Roberto Furlanc, Simona Minghellid, Debora Giuntib, Ulrich Pfeffera, Monica Marcheseb, DouglasAlpha lipoic acid inhibits T cell migration into the spinal cord and suppresses and treats experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Marracci, Gail H?-Lipoic acid normalizes nociceptive neuronal activity at the spinal cord of diabetic rats C. Morgado, P. Pereira-Terra andI. TavaresAntiallodynic effects of alpha lipoic acid in an optimized RR-EAE mouse model of MS-neuropathic pain are accompanied by attenuation of upregulated BDNF-TrkB-ERK signaling in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord Nemat Khan1,2, Richard Gordon3, Trent M. Woodruff3 andMaree T. Smith1,2,*?-Lipoic acid enhances endogenous peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-? to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice Author: Wang, Kai-Chen KCCurrent developments in MRI for assessing rodent models of multiple sclerosis Othman I AlomairIn vivo High Angular Resolution Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Mouse Brain at 16.4 Tesla Othman I. Alomairhttps://cnx.org/contents/[email protected]:94lv8wHH@4/The-Central-Nervous-SystemSpinal diffusion tensor imaging: A comprehensive review with emphasis on spinal cord anatomy and clinical applications Hendrix, Philipp Clinically feasible NODDI characterization of glioma using multiband EPI at 7 T Qiuting Wena, b, Douglas A.C. Kelleyc, Suchandrima Banerjeed, Janine M. Lupob, Susan M. Change, Duan Xub, Christopher P. Hessb, Sarah J. Nelsona, b, f,Checklist for reporting and reviewing studies of experimental animal models of multiple sclerosis and related disorders Author: Amor, SandraNeuropathic pain behaviours in a chronic-relapsing model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) Author: Olechowski, Camille J.