The Eighth Amendment of our U.S. Constitution states: Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.  The following website includes two dueling essays regarding the application of the Eighth Amendments Cruel and Unusual Punishment Clause, the contemporary perspective essay by Bryan A. Stevenson and the original-meaning essay by John F. Stinneford, https://constitutioncenter.org/interactive-constitution/amendments/amendment-viii.  Which view do you believe is the correct view and why?